![]() Seven laminae from three individuals of two species were analyzed in this manner variations among laminae were found to be much higher than variations within laminae. The final test evaluated intra-laminar variation multiple samples were analyzed from different parts of the same lamina. White grunt left- and right-eye radial isotopic patterns were almost identical for both δ 13C and δ 15N, suggesting the variations observed among individual fish were not artifacts. For the third test, left- versus right-eye variation was compared using high-resolution methods. The first-order patterns from the high-resolution analysis generally mimicked patterns from the low-resolution screening of grouped laminae, yet the high-resolution plots revealed early-life details that were not apparent in the low-resolution screenings. Two gag with the greatest variation were chosen for high-resolution temporal analysis using individual laminae from their second eye lenses. Red snapper individuals separated into two groups based on δ 15N and gag separated into two groups based on δ 13C. Along the radial axis, all individuals exhibited substantial isotopic variability. The first test was a low-resolution screening of multiple individuals (4–5 radial groups of laminae per lens, all species except white grunt). ![]() We conducted four different tests on lenses from red snapper, red grouper, gag, and white grunt. We evaluated eye lenses as potential recorders of stable isotope histories in fish because they consist of metabolically inert optical proteins that are deposited in successive, concentric circles (laminae) much like otolith circuli and tree rings.
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